U.S. Federal Government Information

April 11, 2024

Testimony on Congressional Budget Office’s Request for Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2025

This posting includes the Summary and a link to the full text of CBO’s Director, Phillip Swagel’s testimony before the House Appropriations Committee’s Subcommittee on the Legislative Branch. A supporting mission statement is included.

SUMMARY:

Chairman Amodei, Ranking Member Espaillat, and Members of the Subcommittee, thank you for the opportunity to present the Congressional Budget Office’s budget request. CBO requests appropriations of $73.5 million for fiscal year 2025: About 89 percent would be for pay and benefits; 7 percent would be for information technology (IT); and 4 percent would be for training, expert consultant services, office supplies, and other items. The request amounts to an increase of $3.5 million, or 5 percent, from the $70 million that CBO received for 2024. That increase would address increased costs brought about by inflation, sustain investments in IT infrastructure, and enable CBO to expand its staff in key areas.

March 27, 2024

Combating Money Laundering Act of 2024

by David Badertscher

H.R.7156, as ordered reported by the House Committee on Financial Services on February 29, 2024.

CBO Summary:

H.R. 7156 would expand the authority of the Secret Service to investigate financial crimes. Specifically, the bill would authorize the Secret Service to investigate the operations of unlicensed money transmitting businesses—entities that provide money transfer services or payment instruments—and the structuring of financial transactions to evade reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

March 21, 2024

Congressional Budget Office’s Work on Health Care Spending and a Call for New Research

by David Badertscher

A presentation by Chapin White, CBO’s Director of Health Analysis, at the David Rogers Health Policy Colloquium, Weill Cornell Medicine.

SUMMARY:

This presentation provides a brief look at Congressional Budget Office’s work related to federal spending on health care and the recent slowdown in the growth of such spending. It also discusses the types of new research that could be useful in explaining that slowdown and in answering other health-related questions for the Congress. It contains important information for all who are interested in monitoring research related to this subject.

March 7, 2024

A Gruesome Spectacle: Failed Execution Attempts In the United States

by David Badertscher

The death penalty remains a highly contested issue in the United States, with arguments raging on both sides. However, beyond the ethical and legal debates lies a lesser-known aspect: the phenomenon of failed executions. These attempts, often characterized by prolonged suffering and technical difficulties, raise serious concerns about the very concept of a humane and constitutional capital punishment system.

Historically, the U.S. has employed various methods for execution, each with its own share of botched attempts. The electric chair, implemented in the late 19th century, witnessed numerous cases where the condemned endured extended periods of agony due to malfunctions or improper application. Lethal injection, the current primary method, has also been plagued by issues. From 2000 to 2020, an estimated 7% of all lethal injection executions were classified as botched, often involving prolonged struggles to establish an intravenous line, raising concerns about unnecessary suffering inflicted upon the condemned. It is estimated that 3% of U.S. executions in the period from 1890 to 2010 were botched.

The case of Thomas Eugene Creech in Idaho in 2023 exemplifies the harrowing realities of failed executions. Despite repeated attempts by medical personnel, a suitable vein could not be located for lethal injection, forcing the execution to be halted. This incident, like many others, highlights the inherent fallibility of the execution process where unforeseen complications can transform the intended punishment into an act of torture. In his article in Verdict discussing this case, Austin Sarat, a professor of jurisprudence and political science at Amherst College, argues that “systemic issues and denial by state officials perpetuate the cruelty and inefficiency of lethal injections, urging an acknowledgment of its failures and a cessation of its use for capital punishment”.

February 23, 2024

Combating Fraud and Deception: Medicare’s Strategies and Initiatives

by David Badertscher

INTRODUCTION:

Medicare, the federal health insurance program in the United States, serves millions of Americans, providing essential healthcare coverage for seniors and certain individuals with disabilities. However, with its vast reach and substantial funding, Medicare is also a target for fraud and deception. Fraudulent activities not only drain taxpayer dollars but also jeopardize the integrity of the healthcare system and endanger patient well-being. To combat these threats, Medicare employs various strategies and initiatives aimed at detecting, preventing, and prosecuting instances of fraud and deception. Yet, some people would argue the since Medicare loses billions of dollars every year to fraud, waste, and abuse, they could do a better job at preventing fraud.

DETECTION MECHANISMS:

February 16, 2024

Federal Budget and Economic Outlook: 2024-2034

by David Badertscher

Projections of the Congressional Budget Office,

“The Congressional Budget Office regularly publishes reports presenting its baseline projections of what the federal budget and the economy would look like in the current year and over the next 10 years if laws governing taxes and spending generally remained unchanged. This report is the latest in that series.”

“In CBO’s projections, federal budget deficits total $20 trillion over the 2025–2034 period and federal debt held by the public reaches 116 percent of GDP. Economic growth slows to 1.5 percent in 2024 and then continues at a moderate pace.”

January 6, 2024

CBO: Using Multiple Data Sources to Learn About the Race and Ethnicity of Taxpayers

by David Badertscher

A presentation by Congressional Budget Office (CBO) analysts Rebecca Heller, Shannon Mok, and James Pearce, and Census Bureau research economist Jonathan Rothbaum at the American Economic Association Annual Meeting, Committee on Economic Statistics on January 5, 2024. According to the CBO, the purpose of this presentation is to summarize preliminary work conducted by CBO and the Census Bureau as part of CBO’s ongoing efforts to increase its capacity to analyze budgetary and economic outcomes for various demographic groups.

INTRODUCTION TO PRESENTATION:

Internal Revenue Service (IRS) data provide high-quality measures of income and are useful for studying how the tax system affects households. But those